Developing and using models
Constructing explanations (for science) and designing solutions (for engineering)
Systems and System Models
Cause and Effect
ESS2.A: Earth Materials and Systems
ESS2.C: The Roles of Water in Earth's Surface Processes
ESS2.D: Weather and Climate
Midway through the unit, students were asked to use the evidence from their investigations, readings, and discussions to revise their initial models. Students were given the option to make additions or corrections directly on their models or to use sticky notes with annotations and changes.
Across the samples, students show an understanding that water exists in multiple forms and can change forms or move from one place to another place. For example, Sample A added a note to their initial model that suggests they have seen culturally and technologically how different parts of the world that receive less rain can still water segments of their environment. Other students recognize the importance of processes and indicate their understanding at least at a basic level, of the cyclic nature of the water cycle. Sample B shows an increased understanding of evaporation and the transportation of water vapor via clouds to new locations where the water vapor can condense and rain. Sample C also recognizes the importance of the water cycle and how clouds, evaporation and run-off are part of the mechanism for water movement. Sample D shows waters in different forms and in different locations and shows how water moves by gravity or evaporation. However, students do not make explicit connections, yet, between the forms of water and the mechanism that could result in floods in one location and droughts in another.